Pulse counting linear measuring device

ABSTRACT

This is a pulse counting linear measuring and recording device utilizing a &#39;&#39;&#39;&#39;fifth wheel&#39;&#39;&#39;&#39; associated with a photocell to produce an electrical pulse each 0.1 foot of linear travel. The electrical pulses are counted and a larger pulse produced for each 1 foot of travel and a still larger pulse produced for each 10 feet of travel. These pulses are then presented vertically on a chart moving at a horizontal uniform rate. Provision is made for time interval presentation on the chart. The time interval may be automatically set at 6.82 seconds so that the counting of the 10 foot pulses gives equivalent miles per hour speed. The time interval also may be mechanically set at a desired starting event and ending event for a particular cycle.

Unite States Patent [191 Hartline et a1.

[ 1 May 22,1973

[ PULSE COUNTING LINEAR MEASURING DEVICE324/166,167,l71,l73,174,l75,178, 179, 180; 73/128, 129; 346/33 D, 23;235/1502, 151.32, 92 AB, 92 DM [56] References Cited UNITED STATESPATENTS 2,942,184 6/1960 Sihvonen ..324/1 62 3,287,640 11/1966 Rehage..346/23 1,871,404 8/1932 Brown.... ...324/175 2,705,303 3/1955 Stinger..324/174 9/l970 Liston ..324/178 OTHER PUBLICATIONS M. 1-1. WestbrookElectronic Measurement In the Automobile Industry Electronics and Power4 Nov., 1970 pp. 406-410.

Primary ExaminerMichael J. Lynch Attorney-Kenneth C. Witt. John C.Wressler and Jack E. Toliver et a1.

[5 7] ABSTRACT This is a pulse counting linear measuring and recordingdevice utilizing a fifth wheel associated with a photocell to produce anelectrical pulse each 0.1 foot of linear travel. The electrical pulsesare counted and a larger pulse produced for each 1 foot of travel and astill larger pulse produced for each 10 feet of travel. These pulses arethen presented vertically on a chart moving at a horizontal uniformrate. Provision is made for time interval presentation on the chart. Thetime interval may be automatically set at 6.82 seconds so that thecounting of the 10 foot pulses gives equivalent miles per hour speed.The time interval also may be mechanically set at a desired startingevent and ending event for a particular cycle.

6 Claims, 3 Drawing Figures Patgnted May 22, 1973 2 Sheets-Sheet 1ATTORNEY Patented May 22, 1973 3,735,260

2 Sheets-$115M 2 FIG. 3

INVENTORS ROLLAND L. HARTLINE. CHARLES E. KRAMER ATTORNEY 1 PULSECOUNTING LINEAR MEASURING DEVICE BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION measuringdistances. The present invention is particularly adaptable for measuringvery slow speeds over short distances of travel.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to apparatus formea suring and plotting distance-time functions of moving devices. Itparticularly relates to devices for plotting the distance-time functionof a linear moving device through a predetermined time interval. Thetime interval may be predetermined as to time or predetermined as tostarting and ending events. The present apparatus has provision forproducing a pulse for every 0.1 foot movement and plotting thisinformation on a chart. The information, once plotted, can be used fordetermining various distance-time functions. These distance-timefunctions include distance, speed, acceleration, deceleration and therate of change of any of these functions.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a simple means formeasuring and plotting linear distance-time functions of devices havinglow rates of speed.

Other objects of the present invention will become apparent upon readingthe specification and will be particularly pointed out in the claims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING Referring to the drawings, FIG. 1illustrates the type of linear distance to electro pulse translatingdevice particularly useful in the present invention. The typeillustrated includes a wheel 223 which is rigidly attached by a shaft224 to an opaque disc 1 having equally spaced transparent apertures 3thereon. A light 2 and a photosensitive transducer 4 are located inalignment with the transparent apertures 3.

Referring briefly to FIG. 2, the dotted outline electri cal functionblocks generally enclose sub-circuits as follows: A is a pulse producingcircuit substantially the same as shown in greater detail in FIG. 1; Bis a pulse amplifying and shaping circuit; C illustrates two divide bycounting circuits; D contains pulse shape and size producing electricalsignal differentiating circuits with amplifying means; E is theinformation display and recording means; F is a timing circuit; G is thecontrol circuit; while H is the electrical power supply for all of thecircuits.

Referring to FIG. 3, the plot of the distance pulses versus the timemovement of the chart as shown. The 0.1 foot pulses are shown as 52. The1 foot pulses are 66 and the 10 foot pulses are 82. The I second timeinterval pulses are shown as 54.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING Referring now more particularly toFIG. 1 and to subcircuit A in FIG. 2, 223 is a wheel of conventionaldesign adaptable to roll over a surface the distance on which is to bemeasured. The wheel 223 is attached to an opaque disc 1 having equallyspaced transparent areas 3 thereon by a shaft 224. The transparent areas3 are in one particular embodiment of the invention, spaced an angulardistance from each other equal to 0.1 foot linear movement of the wheel223 on the surface 225 to be measured. 2 is a light source of anyconvenient type, while 4 is a light sensitive electrical transducersupplied by a positive polarity DC electrical potential of about 5 voltsthrough resistant 6.

Referring to subcircuit B, FIG. 2, the signal from 4 is fed through 13,and resistor 8 and across diode 12 and the resistor 10 to the NPNtransistor 14. 15 is a current limiting resistor. Resistor l7 and tunneldiode l6 shape the approximately one-half sine wave pulse output oftransistor 14 into an approximately square wave. This approximatelysquare-wave is fed through resistor 20 to the NPN transistor 18 foramplification. 19 is a current limiting resistor. The output of thesubcircuit B transmitted through lines 21 and 24 include square wavepulses spaced at 1 pulse per 0.1 foot linear travel of the wheel 223. 22is a Divide by Ten multiple flip-flop circuit which produces a squarewave pulse for every 10 square wave pulses in the line 21. The output of22 transmitted through lines 55 and 56 includes, therefore, a squarewave having a pulse for each 1 foot travel of the wheel 223. 68 isanother Divide by Ten multiple flip-flop circuit and its output to theline includes a square wave signal pulse occuring at a rate of one pulseevery 10 feet travel of the wheel 23.

Referring now to the subcircuit D, in FIG. 2, we have shown threedifferentiating circuits 27, 57 and 72 to which are fed the square wavepulses appearing in the lines 24, 56 and 70, respectively. These threedifferentiating circuits are identical except for the size of thecondensors 25, 58 and 74, respectively.

Differentiating circuit 27 has a resistor 26, a diode 28 and a resistor30. The condensor 25 is selected so as to give small sharp pips 52 (FIG.3). Differentiating circuit 57 has a resistor 60, a diode 62 and aresistor 64. The condensor 58 is selected to give a medium size pip 66(FIG. 3). Differentiating circuit 72 includes a resistor 76, a diode 78and a resistor 80. The condensor 74 is selected to give a large sharppip 82 (FIG. 3). The diode 118 and the resistor 222 feed a DC biasingvoltage to offset the data presentation as shown at 120 and 123 in FIG.3. The signal from this DC bias plus the pulses generated from thedifferentiating circuits are fed by line 34 through the amplifier 36 andassociated resistors 38, 40, 42 and 44 to the line 46.

The circuit apparatus thus far described provides means for plottingdistance intervals on a time scale with the vertical amplitude of thedistance pulses divided by units of 10. The 0.1 foot pips are small, the1 foot pips are of medium height and the 10 foot pips are maximumheight, and thus counting of the pips for calculation purposes is quiteconvenient. Previous counter recorder mechanisms do not provide thisdivide by 10 convenience to aid the engineer in distance, speed andacceleration calculations.

Itis frequently quite necessary to measure distance traveled andcalculate speeds and accelerations between two predetermined events. Forexample, we may wish to make distance, speed and decelerationcalculations for the interval between when vehicle brakes are applieduntil the instant the vehicle stops moving. Also, in making calculationsfor traction wheel movement in earth-moving equipment, it is frequentlynecessary to determine the distance the vehicle moves from the time ashovel is actuated until it reaches a predetermined height. There areenumerable other instances where it is necessary to calculate accuratelymovement, speed and acceleration or deceleration between the startingand ending of a predetermined operation cycle.

The circuit G, enclosed in dotted lines, is a control circuit for eithermanually or automatically starting and ending the measuring andrecording interval, simultaneously shifting the display on the recorderto indicate the start and end of the recorded event.

Referring to the drawings 90, 92, 94 and 96 are all NAND logic functioncircuits in which the output is low when the input at both terminals ishigh, and this output high under all other conditions. The function ofthe logic circuits 90 and 92 is to bias the voltage placed on the line34, and thereby to raise the base of the trace on the chart by loweringthis bias voltage and to lower the trace on the chart 50 by raising thisvoltage. (The circuit 29 inverts as well as amplifies.) The function ofthe logic circuits 94 and 96 are to reset the divide by 10 circuits 22and 68 at the start of the event so that the pulse does not appear onthe line until 10 pulses after the start of an event have appeared online 21. Similarly, a pulse will not appear on the line 70 until 10pulses after the start of the event have appeared on line 55. The eventis started by closing the switch 84 and maybe ended by closing theswitch 99 or ended automatically by the timing circuit, as will bedescribed later.

When the switch 84 is in the open position the circuit includingresistors 98, 100 and 102 plus condensors 86 and 88 maintain the voltageat the upper terminal of the nand gate 90 at that positive voltagedetermined by the voltage divider action of the resistors and 102. Thelower input terminal of the nand gate 90 is maintained at a positivevoltage through the resistor 106. Under these conditions when bothinputs to the nand gate 90 are at this positive voltage, the output islow and thus the lower input terminal to the nand gate 92 is maintainedat a low potential.

When the switch 99 is open the upper input terminal of the nand gate 92is maintained high positive through the resistor 104. Therefore, bothnand gates 90 and 92 are in stable conditions when switches 84 and 99are both open.

Similarly, under these same conditions, the upper terminal of the nandgate 94 is maintained positive by the voltage divider action of theresistor 108 and 114. The lower terminal of 94 is maintained positive atthe required high potential by the similar voltage divider action of theresistors 110 and 116. Under these conditions the output terminal of thenand gate 94 and the lower input terminal of the nand gate 96 is low.The upper terminal of the nand gate 96 is maintained high positive bythe line 112 from the positive DC voltage in line 7. Under theseconditions the outputterminal of 96 is maintained high and this isconsistent with the voltage that would be applied to this terminalthrough resistor 113 and across condenser 124 under passive conditions.

Thus when both switches 84 and 99 are open, the high voltage at theoutput of nand gate 92 results in a negligible voltage drop across theresistors 126 and 128 and, therefore, the emitter and the base of thePNP transistor 130 is at approximately the same voltage and there is nocurrent flowing through the relay coil 132 which operates the normallyclosed relay switch 134.

The subcircuit F has its elements so chosen as to act as a timingcircuit with a time delay of 6.82 seconds from its energization until itautomatically goes into the off position.

Referring to the elements of this circuit the conductor 7 is asmentioned before maintained at a positive potential in one particularembodiment of 5.2 volts, while the conductor 9 is maintained at an equalnegative potential of 5 .2 volts. 142 is a uni-junction transistor. Thistransistor conductsa low current until fired by the emitter voltage.This emitter voltage, when the switch 134 is closed, is maintained atbelow the firing voltage by the voltage divider action of resistors 135and 138 and variable resistor 140. Under these conditions a low currentflow is through the resistors 144 or 146 and, therefore, the NPNtransistor 148 remains nonconducting and no current flows through theresistor 152. Under these conditions the terminal 150, when connected tothe terminal 151, electrically floats.

5 is, as mentioned above, a DC voltage supply of common design having apositive output 7, a negative output 9 and a grounded line 11.

Referring now to FIG. 3, the chart 50 produced by the recorder 48 isshown in greater detail. The chart, as shown, illustrates a brake testin which the vehicle starts at the point 119 on the chart, acceleratesup to and runs at constant speed until the brake is applied at the point120 and the baseline is dropped to measure the time-distance functionduring the braking until the vehicle is again stopped at 123. In thischart 52 are the 0.1 foot pips, 66 are the 1 foot pips and 82 are thepips that occur every 10 feet of vehicle movement. 54 and 1 secondinterval markers.

As shown in this figure, the chart moves to the left at a uniform speedwhile the marker moves vertically from a baseline at an amount dependenton the voltage impressed upon the marker electrical actuator.

Having thus described the various elements used in the presentinvention, the following is one mode of operation of the invention.

OPERATION OF THE INVENTION As the wheel 223 rolls over the surface 225to be measured, the equi-spaced transparent holes or slots 3 passbetween the lamp or other light source 2 and a photocell 4 so as toallow the light source 2 to energize photocell 4 at intervals of O.lfoot travel of wheel. The photocell 4 is electrically energized by about5.2 volts positive by the electrical conductor 7 from the power supply 5through a current limiting resistor 6. It will, therefore, be seen thatthe voltage on the base of the NPN transistor 14 is determined by thevoltage divider action of the resistor 6, resistor 8, diode 12 andresistor 10. When the photosensitive device 4 is made conductive byreceiving light energy through the opening 3, this voltage produced onthe base of the transistor 14 drops to a potential much below thatimpressed when the device 4 is nonconductive. Thus, a signal isimpressed on the base of the transistor 14 which goes negative from abase voltage of about 5 volts. Due to the light intensity-characteristic caused by the variation in the illumination of thephotosensitive cell, as the opening 3 passes between it and the lamp 2,this pulse goes negative from the plus 5 volt baseline as quite roughlya half of a sine wave. The diode 12 aids in damping out transientsignals which may otherwise distort the signal input to the base oftransistor 14 and thus distort the output signal at the collectorelectrode of this transistor. The output of the transistor 14 is roughlythe lower half of a sine wave from a positive voltage datum line.Resistances l5, l7 and tunnel diode 16 shape the roughly half sine waveinto a square wave, which square wave is impressed on the base of theNPN transistor 18 through the resistance 20. Since the circuitassociated with the transistor 18 is a common collector electrodecircuit, the output is in phase with the input and, therefore, negativesquare wave pulses from a positive datum line is produced at thecollector electrode and fed to the divide by ten circuit 22 and to thedifferentiating circuit 27 through lines 21 and 24. These negativedepending pulses cannot go below a predetermined positive voltage aboveground. The leading edge of this square wave 24 causes a sharp negativepulse to appear in the line 32, the height of which is dependent on thevalue selected for the condensor 25. As mentioned previously, thecondensor 25 is selected to give a smaller pulse that that produced bythe differentiating circuit 57 and a much smaller pulse than thatproduced by the differentiating circuit 72.

The divide by ten circuit 22 produces a negative depending square wavein the lines 55 and 56 at a rate of one for every tenth square wavewhich it receives. This square wave leading edge causes a negativelydepending sharp pulse to be produced in the differentiating circuit 57,the height of which is greater than that produced by the circuit 27.

The divide by ten circuit 68 produces a square wave negative dependingpulse in line 70 which is fed to the differentiating circuit 72. In thiscircuit the condensor 74 is so selected as to give a pulse much largerthan produced by the circuit 57. These three pulses are combined and fedinto the inverting amplifier 36 so that they appear in the line 46 aspositive pulses above a predetermined DC datum voltage. The pulses fromthe differentiating circuit 27 appear as the pulses 52 on the chart 50,the pulses from the difierentiating circuit 57 appear as the pulses 66and those from differentiating circuit 72 appear as the vertical pulses82 on the chart. The datum DC voltage upon which these electro DC pulsesare impressed is produced at the point 34 through the resistors 222 anddiode 118, as will be described later.

Referring to FIG. 3 the operation of the circuit as thus far describedwould produce a chart as mentioned above in describing the elements ofthe circuitry. This invention provides means for starting the countingat a happening of one event and indicating when that counting started,and also for indicating the, end of the event so proper calculations maybe made. This starting and ending of the counting may be eitherinitiated by the starting and ending of the event or started by thestarting of the event and ended a time delay of 6.82 seconds later. Theoperation of this control circuit in both modes will be now described.

Referring to the drawings 90, 92, 94 and 96 are all NAND logic circuitsin which the output is low when both inputs are high, and the output ishigh under all other conditions.

The function of the logic circuits 90 and 92 is to produce a datum basebias voltage on the line 34 and to thereby raise the base of the traceon the chart 50 by lowering this bias voltage and to lower the trace onthe chart 50 by raising this bias voltage. The circuit 29 inverts aswell as amplifies. The function of the logic circuits 94 and 96 are toreset the divide by 10 circuit 22 and 68 at the start of an event sothat a pulse does not appear on line 55 until ten pulses after the startof the event have appeared on line 21. Similarly, a pulse will notappear on the line 70 until 10 negative square wave pulses after thestart of the event have appeared on the line 55. The event is started byclosing the switch 84 and may be ended by closing the switch 99 or endedautomatically by the timing circuit, as will be described later.

With the switch 84 open, the circuit including resistors 98, and 102plus condensors 86 and 88 maintain the voltage at the upper inputterminal of nand gate 90 high positive. If the output terminal of nandgate 92 is high, the lower input terminal of nand gate 90 will be highand, therefore, the output terminal of nand gate 90 will have a lowpotential.

If the switch 99 is open the upper input terminal of nand gate 92 ishigh and with the lower input terminal low the output terminal of nandgate 92 will be high and positive. Under these conditions, namely thosewith both switch 84 and 99 open, both input terminals to nand gate 90are high positive with the output terminal low. This in turn causes thelower input terminal of 92 to be low. Therefore, nand gate 90 and 92 arein stable conditions when switches 84 and 99 are open.

Similarly, under these conditions the upper input terminal of nand gate94 is maintained high positive by a voltage divider consisting ofresistors 108 and 114 and the lower input terminal of nand gate 94 issimilarly maintained high by voltage divider including resistors and116. The upper terminal of nand gate 96 is maintained high positivethrough conductor 112. Under these conditions, the output terminal ofnand gate 94 is low, as is the lower input terminal of nand gate 96.This results in the output terminal of nand gate 96 being high. Thus,when switches 84 and 99 are open nand gate 94 and 96 are in a stablecondition. Under these conditions with the output terminal nand gate 92being high positive, there is very little current flowing through theresistors 126 and 128 and, therefore, the voltage on the base of the PNPtransistor 130 is such that this transistor remains in the nonconductingcondition and no current flows through the relay coil 132 and the switch134 remains in the closed position.

When switch 84 is closed, the upper input terminal of nand gate 90 isdropped to a low voltage. Under this set of conditions, the outputterminal of nand gate 90 goes high, thereby raising the bias potentialon the line 34 through the diode 118 and the resistor 222. Since theamplifier 29 also inverts, this raising of the bias potential on theline 34 causes the dropping of the baseline on the chart 50 as is shownat in FIG. 3. This raising of the voltage at the output terminal on nandgate 90 also raises the voltage at the lower input terminal on nand gate92, thus lowering the positive voltage at the output terminal on nandgate 92 and at the lower input terminal on nand gate 90. This locks nandgate 90 so that high voltage is maintained at the output tenninal eventhough the switch 84 is released and placed in the open position. Thisdrop in voltage at the output terminal of nand gate 92 holds down thepositive voltage at the upper input terminal of nand gate 94 through thesharp drop in voltage across condenser122. This change in voltageresults in the output terminal C of nand gate 94 going high positive asdoes the lower input terminal of nand gate 96. This sends a pulse ofcurrent back to the divide by lQ multivibrator divider circuits 22 and68 to reset these circuits so they start counting over. This drives theoutput terminal of nand gate 96 to a low positive, which causes a sharpdrop of voltage across the condenser 124. This condenser 124 also dropsthe lower input terminal of nand gate 94 to a low potential untilcondenser 124 discharges, returning nand gates 94 and 96 to theirinitial condition.

Dropping of the output terminal voltage of nand gate 92 to low potentialcauses the transistor 130 to conduct because of the voltage bias placedon the plate thereof by the voltage drop across the resistors 126 and128. The conducting of transistor 130 actuates the relay circuit 132thus opening the normally closed contacts of the switch 134. The openingof these contacts allows the condenser 136 to start charging through thefixed resistor 138 and the variable resistor 140. Variable resistor 140is adjusted to the value at which the voltage on the condenser 136 willbe sufficient to fire the unijunction transistor 142 in the desired timeinterval. A very useful lapse of time for this circuit to operate is6.82 seconds. This is a very useful conversion factor since the l footpips appearing during that time interval may be counted as miles perhour. The firing of the uni-junction transistor 142 causes a voltagedrop across the resistor 144 by current flowing through that resistorand resistor 146. This causes the NPN transistor 148 to fire, thusdropping the voltage at conductor 150 to near ground potential due tothe voltage splitting action of resistors 152 and 104. The side of 104opposite that of the conductor 150 is at approximately 5.2 volts whilethe terminal of the resistor 152 opposite the terminal connected toconductor 150 is maintained at 5.2 volts. The resistance drop acrossresistor 152 plus the drop across NPN transistor 148, when it isconducting, is approximately the same as the resistance of resistor 104.At the end of the predetermined time at which 138 fires 142, the voltageat the upper input terminal of nand gate 92 is driven to approximately 0voltage. This drives the output terminal of nand gate 92 high, which inturn drives the lower input terminal of nand gate 90 high. This resultsin both input terminals of nand gate 90 being high, which makes theoutput terminal go low thus removing the biasing voltage from theamplifier 29 and thus raising the baseline on the chart 50 to above itsoriginal position.

in cases where it is desirable to have the time interval ended by amanual or mechanical operation ofa switch or other means, the equivalentof switch 99 is used. Upon closing of switch 99 the electrical potentialof the upper input terminal 92 is dropped to zero, thus setting inaction the same set of circumstances as mentioned above to move the dataline on the chart back to its original position.

When the output terminal of the nand gate 92 goes high, the transistor130 is again made nonconducting which de-energizes relay 132 and thusagain closes the normally closed switch 134 shorting the timingcondenser 136 and making the timing circuit inoperative. The circuit hasnow been placed in its original condition and is ready to repeat theoperation.

Referring now to FIG. 3, a time-distance chart is shown as it ispresented on a standard recorder. On

such a recorder the chart moves to the'left at a uniform speed of about1 inch per second. (Pulses 54 are one second markers with the distance300 a second. Voltage is plotted vertically on this chart and,therefore, the height of the pip indicates the magnitude of the positivevoltage.) A typical'chart is shown in which the vehicle accelerates from119 to 121 and runs at a uniform rate from the point 121 to the point120. During this time the small pips 52 are too close together to berecognized and the 1 foot pips 66 may be counted. The 10 foot intervalpips 82 aid in the counting of the smaller pips. At the point the brakeis applied to the vehicle closing the switch 84. As the vehicledecelerates the pips become further apart until at the point 123 thevehicle stops, closing the switch 99, which ends the cycle and resetsthe circuits. The stopping time is shown as 301. The stopping distancemay be calculated by counting the pips. The deceleration rate may becalculated by determining the rate of change of distance between thepips.

While this specification contains a written description of the inventionand the manner of making and using it in the best mode contemplated forcarrying out the invention, there are many variations, combinations,alterations and modifications which may be made within the spirit of theinvention and the scope of the appended claims.

We claim:

1. Apparatus for measuring and recording distance and time comprising:

means for producing electrical pulses at predetermined distanceintervals,

means for counting said electrical pulses and producing a predeterminedmultiple pulse of greater magnitude than said first mentioned pulses foreach tenth of said electrical pulses,

chart means driven at a uniform velocity,

means for recording the magnitude of said pulses on said chart means ina direction normal to the direction of movement of said chart,

including a first switching means for starting the sequence of counting,

a second switching means for stopping said sequence of counting,

said first switching means resetting said means for counting saidelectrical pulses whereby said multiple pulse of greater magnitudeoccurs ten electrical pulses after the closing of said switch.

2. Apparatus for measuring and recording distance and time as claimed inclaim 1 in which;

said second switching means is automatically actuated a preselected timeinterval after the actuation of said first switching means.

3. Apparatus for measuring and recording distance and time as claimed inclaim 1 including;

means for indicating on said chart means the activation of said firstswitching means and said second switching means.

4. Apparatus for measuring and recording distance and time as claimed inclaim 2 including;

means for indicating on said chart means the time of actuation of saidfirst switching means and said second switching means.

5. Apparatus for measuring and recording distance and time as claimed inclaim 2;

one set of pulses produced on said chart are spaced at 10 foot distanceintervals,

the time interval between the actuation of said first switching meansand said second switching means is 6.82 seconds whereby,

the number of pulses indicated on said chart equals the speed beingmeasured and recorded in miles per hour.

* a: i a:

1. Apparatus for measuring and recording distance and time comprising:means for producing electrical pulses at predetermined distanceintervals, means for counting said electrical pulses and producing apredetermined multiple pulse of greater magnitude than said firstmentioned pulses for each tenth of said electrical pulses, chart meansdriven at a uniform velocity, means for recording the magnitude of saidpulses on said chart means in a direction normal to the direction ofmovement of said chart, including a first switching means for startingthe sequence of counting, a second switching means for stopping saidsequence of counting, said first switching means resetting said meansfor counting said electrical pulses whereby said multiple pulse ofgreater magnitude occurs ten electrical pulses after the closing of saidswitch.
 2. Apparatus for measuring and recording distance and time asclaimed in claim 1 in which; said second switching means isautomatically actuated a preselected time interval after the actuationof said first switching means.
 3. Apparatus for measuring and recordingdistance and time as claimed in claim 1 including; means for indicatingon said chart means the activation of said first switching means andsaid second switching means.
 4. Apparatus for measuring and recordingdistance and time as claimed in claim 2 including; means for indicatingon said chart means the time of actuation of said first switching meansand said second switching means.
 5. Apparatus for measuring andrecording distance and time as claimed in claim 2; one set of pulsesproduced on said chart are spaced at 10 foot distance intervals, andsaid time interval is 6.82 seconds whereby, the number of said pulsesproduced on said chart is equal to the average speed in miles per hour.6. Apparatus for measuring and recording distance and time as claimed inclaim 4 in which; one set of pulses recorded on said chart are spaced toindicated 10 foot distance intervals and, the time interval between theactuation of said first switching means and said second switching meansis 6.82 seconds whereby, the number of pulses indicated on said chartequals the speed being measured and recorded in miles per hour.